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what causes sickle cell anaemia

Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disease. People who have the disease inherit two copies of the sickle cell gene—one from each parent.
The sickle cell gene causes the body to make abnormal hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is the iron-rich protein that gives blood its red color and carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
In sickle cell anemia, the hemoglobin sticks together when it delivers oxygen to the body’s tissues. These clumps of hemoglobin are like liquid fibers. They cause the red blood cells to become stiff and shaped like a sickle, or “C.” The sickled red blood cells tend to stick together and get caught in the blood vessels. (Other cells also may play a role in this process.)
Two copies of the sickle cell gene are needed for the body to make the abnormal hemoglobin found in sickle cell anemia.
Sickle Cell Trait
If you inherit only one copy of the sickle cell gene (from one parent), you will not have sickle cell anemia. Instead, you will have sickle cell trait.
People who have sickle cell trait usually have no symptoms and lead normal lives. However, they can pass the sickle cell gene to their children.
The following image shows how two parents who have sickle cell trait can pass the sickle cell gene to their children.
The image shows how sickle cell genes are inherited. A person inherits two copies of the hemoglobin gene—one from each parent. A normal gene will make normal hemoglobin (A). An abnormal (sickle cell) gene will make abnormal hemoglobin (S).
When each parent has a normal gene and an abnormal gene, each child has: a 25 percent chance of inheriting two normal genes; a 50 percent chance of inheriting one normal gene and one abnormal gene; and a 25 percent chance of inheriting two abnormal genes.
what is sickle cell anaemia

What Is Sickle Cell Anemia?
Sickle cell anemia (uh-NEE-me-uh) is a serious disease in which the body makes sickle-shaped red blood cells. “Sickle-shaped” means that the red blood cells are shaped like a "C."
Normal red blood cells are disc-shaped and look like doughnuts without holes in the center. They move easily through your blood vessels. Red blood cells contain the protein hemoglobin (HEE-muh-glow-bin). This iron-rich protein gives blood its red color and carries oxygen from the lungs to the rest of the body.
Sickle cells contain abnormal hemoglobin that causes the cells to have a sickle shape. Sickle-shaped cells don’t move easily through your blood vessels. They’re stiff and sticky and tend to form clumps and get stuck in the blood vessels. (Other cells also may play a role in this clumping process.)
The clumps of sickle cells block blood flow in the blood vessels that lead to the limbs and organs. Blocked blood vessels can cause pain, serious infections, and organ damage.
mukaddimah biogirl pathway

Assalamualaikum w.b.t...........hurm dapat gak aku mblog ni...da lame da nak wat benda ni tapi xreti..so arini dgn ptolongan rumek y dikasihi n dsygi dapat la aku mblogkan diri ...aku rase excited sgt nak menulis dlm blog ni...mcm2 la aku plan...aku ni budak sains hayat kat matrikulasi perak...dulu aku dak mrsm jeli...kat cne aku blaja dari fom1 sampaila fom5...pastu aku apply la matrik,dapat kat perak...memang aku nak matrik perak pon coz plg dekat ngan umah aku..lagipon aku ada mak sedara kat cni...kat tapah umah die..kre dekat la 2 ngan matrik perak ni...coz matrik perak dekat gopeng..ow lupe lak nak gtaw asal ak..aku ni cek mek molek dari kelantan...skrg ni aku da sem2 kat matrik,awal bulan depan hbs la ak blaja kat cni...memang tough gle r matrik ni...so kne pandai survive r...tadi ak tengah bace sal biological expression narnyer...hurm brula aku fham sal chapter 2 tadi...selame ni aku juz ikut pathway die je...mksud aku juz hafal mechanism die je...tapi td aku da fham..aku da bleh relate ttg konsep n bukti2 experiment die..aku faham mechanism stp proses die...lga rasenyer...nasib bek aku xsesat...kdg2 ada gak la aku tersalah pham..lecturer aja mcm ni tapi g phm laen...hehehe....mcm ni la stdent bio...slalu salah fham...heheh...memang kne g jumpe lecturer slalu r...supaya xsesat jalan...hurm xpela da bnyak aku merepek ni...narnye overexcited...assalamualaikum sumer...
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